. El origen de estructuras florales : a través de los insectos y otros organismos. Las plantas; flores; flores. homologa con una hoja solo; pero las membranas pertenecen- ing para cada antera, siendo de, al menos, dos capas de células, se han convertido en foliaceons, justo como la epidermis del nucellus ha hecho en los casos aquí descritos; de modo que, en la Jatropha, frondoso se desarrollaron dos expansiones de uno. Otros casos son conocidos de óvulos está representada por las hojas, como Primula Sinensis, Synvphytum officinale,* y Sisymbrin/m Alliaria (Fig. 86). Teóricamente, se podría objetar que una hoja (carpelo) deben

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. The origin of floral structures : through insect and other agencies. Plants; Flowers; Flowers. homologous with one leaf alone; but the membranes belong- ing to each anther, being of, at least, two layers of cells, have become foliaceons, just as the epidermis of the nucellus has done in the cases herein described; so that, in the Jatropha, two leafy expansions were developed out of one. Other instances are known of ovules being represented by leaves, as Primula Sinensis, Synvphytum officinale, * and Sisymbrin/m Alliaria (Fig. 86). Theoretically, it might be objected that a leaf (carpel) should give rise to a leaf (ovule or, at least, ovular coat) ; but foliaceous excrescences from a leaf- Fig. se.-Metamorphosed ovules surface are not at all uncommon, as, ^r'Sr^romtt for example, fi-equently occur in Cab- lum, xTii., t. 20). bages, f where, in consequence of high nourishment inducing hypertrophy, any " rib " or " vein " may throw off a branch which can form a leafy expansion, which not at all infrequently becomes funnel-shaped, like the abortive ovules of the Mignonette. Similar funnel-shaped or tubular productions are found on corollas of semi-double flowers, as in Primulas, Cyclamens, Antirrhinum, etc., sometimes externally. Fig. 87 represents a like out- cence'on the labeiium of growth from the labellum of Gattleya * "â MossieoB; and I have seen the posterior sepal of Vanda coerulea replaced by a pedicel with a cup at the apex exactly like the terminal process in Fig. 85, a. In all these cases I would regard such productions as due to hypertrophy.. Teratology, p. 263. t Ibid., p. 312, fig. 166.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Henslow, George, 1835-1925. New York : Appleton